DOTS: A mark. Dots are probes. It is the beginning, contact focal point. A way to begin to measure and compare, an economy a reference of figuration, a shorthand.

LINE: A moving mark, a series of dots. A length greater than width moving in space. A situational element, dimensional, a way to communicate intention, modulation, with choreographic expression.

SHAPE: A 2-dimensional form of length and width. Line overlaps, creating an inside and outside space; is the beginning of design.

FORM: A 3-dimensional representation of volume with length, width, and height, revealing its external boundaries. Three basic forms: cubes, spheres, and cylinders are the beginning of mathematical perspective.